in this project i will tell you how to make cnc using Arduino.
cnc stepper motor fyp simulation in proteus
components
- in this project i am using
- arduino uno
- stepper motor nema 17
- Stepper Motor Drivers A4988
- Arduino CNC Shield
- Wiring and Connectors
- End Stops/Sensors
- Spindle/Tool Head
- Power Supply
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Software:
- GRBL Firmware: Upload to Arduino for controlling the CNC machine.
- G-code Sender: Software like Universal Gcode Sender (UGS) to send G-code commands from a computer to the Arduino.
circuit diagram
Building the CNC Structure
As you can see in the pictures, I decided to use a simple wooden frame for my CNC machine. Using plywood, I built a strong and stable structure to support the movements along the X, Y, and Z axes. The wooden pieces were carefully measured and cut to ensure smooth linear motion, using threaded rods and metal shafts to guide the components
The assembly of the mechanical parts was critical. I attached two linear rods to support the sliding carriage and made sure that the threaded rod moved the axis with precision.
Electronics and Wiring
The heart of my CNC machine is an Arduino Uno, powered by GRBL firmware, which interprets G-code instructions. For driving the motors, I used NEMA stepper motors controlled by A4988 drivers, all mounted onto a CNC shield. This combination makes for a flexible and precise control system.
The wiring stage took some time, as I had to ensure each motor driver and stepper motor was correctly connected to the Arduino board. I also added limit switches to avoid over-travel and ensure accurate movements.
First Test Run
After putting together the mechanical and electrical components, I ran the first test of the machine. Here’s a video capturing the moment when I ran the motors for the first time: